2023年4月浙江自考英语阅读（二）复习资料五

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UNIT 25

GLOSSARY

absurd  a. against reason or common sense， clearly false or foolish 不合理，荒谬的，可笑的，愚蠢的

abundant  a. more than enough  丰富的，充裕的

ban  v. forbid esp. by law 禁止

breeding  n. the producing of young by animals， birds， etc. 生育，繁殖

disregard  v. pay no attention to， ignore 不理，不顾，漠视，无视

spanerse  a. different， various 不一样的，多种多样的

drastic  a. strong， sudden， and often violent or severe 激烈的，猛烈的

durable  a. long-lasting  耐用的，持久的

encroach  v. take more than what is right， usual or natural； invade 侵犯，侵占，吞食

enforce  v. cause rules or laws to be carried out effectively； make （sth.） happen by force  实施，执行，强制，强迫

eradicate  v. destroy complete 根除，消灭，歼灭

eradication  n. extinction， putting an end to （a species） 灭绝，消灭

exploitation  n. the act of using fully so as to get profit 开发利用

floe  n. large mass of ice floating on the surface of the sea 大块浮冰

gigantic  a. usually large in amount or size 巨大的，庞大的

impose  v. establish officially 正式确立

indiscriminately  ad. unselectively； randomly； not chosen carefully 无选择地，不加选择地，不分青红皂白的

invade  v. enter into and spoil； attack and spread into so as to take control of （a country， city， etc.） 侵入，侵略

lull  n. pause； a period in which activity is less 暂停，间歇，停滞期

migrate  v. travel regularly from one part to another according to the season； change one‘s place of living， esp. for a limited period 定期移栖，迁移

proceed  v. continue 继续

profitable  a. resulting in money gain； money making 有益的，有利可图的，有钱赚的

protest  n. （statement of） disapproval or objection 抗议，反对

quota  n. a limit on numbers 定额，限额

recommend  v. prescribe； speak in favor of  建议，推荐

revival  n. rebirth or renewal 再生，新生，恢复

revive  v. come back into use or existence 两次利用，再生

roam  v. walk or travel without any definite aim or destination over or through （a country ）  漫步，漫游

sanctuary  n.（ a place of） protection or safety from harm 避难所，庇护所

shift  v. move from one place to another； change in position or direction 转移，移动，转变，转向

slaughter  n. killing of animals 屠宰

sleek  a. （ of hair or fur） smooth and shining （毛发等）油光发亮的

suntan  n. browning of the skin from exposure to sunlight 晒黑

temporary  a. lasting only for a limited time 暂时的，临时的

transform  v. change completely in form， appearance or nature 彻底改变，改造，改革

crayon  n.彩色蜡笔

lotion  n. 护肤液

UNIT  26ARE THESE THE BEST YEARS OF YOUR LIFE？

GLOSSARY

adolescence  n.  young teenager of about 13~16岁青春期；青春（通常指13~16岁少年）

ailment  n.  illness  病；精神不安

apparently  ad.  clearly， obviously  明显地

blissful  a.  extremely happy   非常幸福；极乐的

bonus  n.  anything pleasant in addition to what is expected  意想不到的收获

cope  v.  handle； deal successfully with sth.  处理

decline  v.  decrease； move from a better to worse position   减少；下降

deny  v.  refuse to accept as true  否定；不接受

spanorce  v.  end a marriage between husband and wife  离婚

efficient  a.  working well and without waste  效率高的

expectancy  n.  the state of expecting  期待，期望

foster  v.  help to grow and develop  培养；促进

guarantee  v.  give a promise of quality， payment or fulfilment  保证；担保

incidence  n.  the rate of happening  发生率

infection  n.  the state or result of disease being put into body  传染；感染

ingenuity  n.  skill and cleverness in making and arranging things  机灵；独创性

intact  a.  whole， uninjured； healthy  未受损的；完整的

internist  n.  a doctor who specializes in internal medicine  内科医生

maturity  n.  the state of being fully grown and developed  成熟

measure  n.  degree or amount   程度；分量；测量

neurotic  a.  affected with nervous disorder  神经病的；神经过敏的

outlive  v.  live longer than  活过…，比…经久

pessimism  n.  tendency to look at the worst aspect of things  悲观

predictable  a.  that can be seen or told in advance  可预言的

prime  n.  the time of greatest perfection， strength or activity  全盛时期

reassure  v.  comfort and make free from anxiety  使放心

resistance  n.  opposition， standing against  抵抗，反抗

share  v.  have in common  分享；分担

smart  a.  vigorous， quick in thinking， clever 精明的，灵巧的

statistical  a.  of collected numbers which represent facts or measurement  统计的

suicide  n.  an act of killing oneself  自杀

veteran  n.  a person who has had long experience  老手；有的人

anabolism  n.  细胞生长

arthritis  n.  关节炎

catabolism  n.  细胞死亡

nutrient  n.  营养素

psychologist  n.  心理学家

rheumatism  n.  风湿病

sonata  n.  （音乐）奏鸣曲

UNIT  27

GLOSSARY

abscond  v. go away suddenly and secretly because one has done sth. wrong or against the law （为躲避罪责，债务等而）潜逃

assault  n. unlawful attack with blows against another person 攻击，袭击

bastard  n. ruthless， insensitive person， illegitimate child 坏种，讨厌鬼，私生子

bumble  v. speak without making much sense， or so that the words are hard to hear clearly 语无伦次，说话含糊

burglary  n. the crime of entering a building by force with the intention of stealing 入室盗窃，夜盗行为

butchery  the trade of killing， cutting and selling animals for food 屠宰业

cash  n. money in coin or notes 现金

conviction  n. finding （someone） guilty for a crime 发现有罪，证明有罪

credit  n. belief of others that a person， business company can pay debt， or will keep a promise to pay 信用

dismember  v. cut or tear （a body） apart， limb from limb 割下（动物的）肢，肢节

distressed  a. suffering great pain， discomfort or sorrow 痛苦的，不舒服的，难受的，悲情的

dump  v. drop carelessly 倾倒，把…砰地一扔

elope  v. run away from home  私奔，出走

embark  v. go on board a ship 上船

environ  n. surrounding 周围，附近地区

epitaph  n. words commemorating a dead person 纪念死者的诗文，墓志铭

indecent assault   an attack with blows and some from of sexual violence 强迫猥亵，非礼

milk  v. get money by clever of dishonest means 以巧妙或虚假方式取得金钱

monitor  v. observe and watch by means of an electronic receiver （camera） 监视，监控

pose  v. set oneself up as； claim to be 摆出，使自己成为，自称

schedule  n. plan for a certain future time 计划表，程序表

scrap  n. a small piece； bit 小块，少许，一点

scrawl  n. sth. written awkwardly or fast or carelessly  潦草模糊的字迹

semi-literate  a. partly able to read and write 半文盲的，能读而不能写的

serial  a. of or forming a series （set） 连续的，一系列的

sinner  n. one who has disobeyed God； wrongdoer  （宗教，道德上的）罪人

squad  n. small group of persons working or being trained together 小组，小队

traffic  v. trade 交易，买卖

victim  n. a person （or animal or thing） that suffers death （pain， harm， etc.） as a result of other people‘s actions 受害者，牺牲者，受骗者

vigil  n. staying awake； remaining watchful for some purpose 彻底清醒，守夜，值夜

heroin  n. 海洛因

quarry  n. 采石场

UNIT  28THE WORLD OF MICROBES

GLOSSARY

annoy  v.  cause trouble； make a little angry 打搅；使生气

arithmetic  n.  calculation by numbers； the science of numbers 算术，代数

bacteria  n.   very small living things， some of which cause diease 细菌

brook  n.  a small stream 小溪

complicated  a.  made up of many parts ；complex  复合的，复杂的

conquer  v.  defeat； be victorious over  征服

constant  a.  continuous； without break 持续不断的

convenient  a.  suited to one‘s needs 方便的

crumb  n.  small piece of bread 面包屑

destroy v. tear down or apart； ruin  摧毁，毁坏

disease  n. （an） illness or disorder caused by infection or unnatural growth， not by an accident   疾病

favourite  n.  sth. or sb. loved above all others   特别喜爱的人或物

fertile  a.  （of land） which produces or can produce good crops  肥沃的

foil  n. metal beaten or rolled into very thin paper like sheets  金属薄片，箔

harmful  a.  damaging  有害的

jelly  n.  a sweet soft food substance that shakes when moved， made with gelatin  果冻，肉冻，冻

lava  n.  rock in a very hot liquid state flowing from an ex ploding mountain （volcano）  熔岩

magnify  v.  make （sth.） appear larger than in reality  放大

microbe  n.  a living creature that is so small that it can not be seen without a microscope， and that may cause disease  微生物

moisture  n.  water， or other liquids， in small quantities in the form of steam or mist  潮气

moldy  a.  covered with soft woolly growth on bread or cheese， etc.  发霉的

multiply  v.  breed  繁殖

pickle  n.  vegetable in a type of liquid （esp. vinegar or salt water ）  泡菜

pinch  n.  an amount that can be picked up between the thumb and a finger  （一）捏，微量

quantity  n.  a measurable property of something  量，数量

settle  v.  come to rest， esp. from above  着落，停留

split  v.  spanide into separate parts  分开，劈开，切开

spoil  v.  （cause to）decay or lose goodness  糟塌，使变坏

stack  v.  make into or form a neat pile  堆起

surround  v.  be all around on every side  包围

volcano n. mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock， steam， gases etc. escape from time to time  火山

aluminum  n.  铝

corkscrewshape  n.  螺旋体

marble  n.  儿童游戏用的一种弹珠

mildew  n.  霉

penicillin  n.  青霉素

sauerkraut  n.  泡菜

streptomycin  n.  链霉素

vinegar  醋

UNIT  29

GLOSSARY

acquire  v. gain or come into possession of 获得

acquisition  n. the act of acquiring  获得，得到

adverse  a. not in favor of； opposing 不利的，相反的

avoid  v. miss or keep away from， esp. on purpose 避免，躲开

bond  n. a paper in which a government or an industrial firm promises to pay back with interest money that has been lent  债券，公债

bilateral  a. between or concerning 2 parties　双边的

cheque  n. a written order in a band to pay a certain sum of money from one‘s bank account 支票

commerce  n. the buying and selling of goods， esp. between different counties； trade 商业，贸易

distinction  n. difference　区别，差别

execute  v. carry out， to perform or do completely 执行，实施

hedge  v. make a fence round a field； protect 围护，保护

in convertible  a. that can not be freely exchanged for other types of money 不能兑换（外币）的，不能转换的

license  n. an official paper card， etc. showing that permission has been given to do sth. 许可，执照

medium  n. substance， surrounding， in which sth. exists or through which sth. moves 中间，媒介

obligation  n. a duty 职责，义务

pension  n. an amount of money paid regularly to sb. who can no longer earn money by working， esp. because of old age or illness 抚恤金，养老金

prevent  v. keep （sth.） from happening or existing 防止，阻止

principal  a. most important； main 主要的，首要的

quota  n. a stated number or amount， or a limit on a number  定额

quote  v. give a price 报价，开价

remit  v. send （money） by post 汇寄

repatriation  n. bringing or sending （sb.） back to his own country， or to the country of which he is a citizen 遣返回国

resort  v. sort again 再分开，再分类

restrict  v. keep within limits  限定，约束

terminology  n. specialized words and expressions used in a particular science， profession， activity etc. 术语，专门用语

standpoint  n. a position from which things are seen and opinions formed  立场，观点

utilize  v. make （good） use of 利用

term  n.条款

commercial bank  商业银行

coupon  n. （附在证券上的）息票

letter of credit  信用证（卡）

traveler‘s cheque 　旅行支票

UNIT  30THE VALUE AND COST OF INFORMATION

GLOSSARY

accrue  v.  become bigger or more by addition  自然增长

analysis  n.  an examination of something together with thoughts and judgements about it  分析

anticipate  v.  expect  期望，预期

assess  v.  calculate the value of or the amount of for tax purposes  对（财产等）进行估价

benefit  v.  be useful， profitable， or helpful to  受益

boundless  a.  without limits  无限的

commodity  n.  a thing of use or advantage， esp. sth. sold for profit  商品

component  n.  any of the parts that make up or are needed for a whole （esp. for a machine or system）  组成部分

compound  v.  put together to form a whole  使复合，使合成

constraint  n.  the threat or use of force to direct the action of others  强逼，强制

contribute  v.  help in bringing about  出一份力，贡献出

control  v.  have power over； rule  控制，统治

data  n.  facts； information   资料

detect  v.  find out； notice  发现，注意，觉察

essentially  ad.  basically  基本上

establish  v.  set up （an organization）  建立

esteem  v.  believe； respect and admire  信任；尊重

fragment  v.  cause to be made up of incomplete parts  使成碎片

frustrate  v.  cause （sb.） to have feelings of annoyed disappointment  使受挫

gauge  n.  a standard measure of weight， size， etc.， to which objects can be compared  标准尺寸，标准规格

impact  n.  the force of an idea， invention， system， etc.  影响

intelligence  n.  information gathered esp. about the rival party， etc； ability to learn and understand  谍报；智力

intrinsic  a.  being part of thenature or character of someone or something  固有的；内在的

luxury  n.  great comfort， as provided without worry about the cost  奢侈

magnitude  n.  greatness of size or importance  大小，重要性

monitor  n.  监控

moot  a.  uncertain， undecided  争论未决的

obvious  a.  easy to understand； clear  显而易见的

pose  v.  state； offer for consideration  提出，形成

potential  a.  existing in possibility  潜在的

precise  a.  exact in form， detail， measurements， time， etc.  精确的，确切的

preferable  a.  better （esp. because more suitable）  更可取的，更好的

prevent  v.  keep （sth.） from happening or existing  防止

propose  v.  suggest  建议

reduce  v.  make smaller， cheaper， etc  减小，削价

regulation  n.  an official rule or order  制度，法规

resource  n.  the part of possessions in the form of wealth and goods that help one to do what one wants  资源，财力

restrict  v.  limit； keep within limits  限制，限定

scan  v.  examine closely， esp. in search  细看，审视

sheer  a.  mere； unmixed with anything else  纯粹的，不掺杂的

solution  n.  an act or way of finding an answer to a difficulty or problem  解决办法

strategic  a.  skillful planning generally； a particular plan for winning success in a particular activity  战略（上）的

survey  v.  examine the general condition of  概括地观察

technique  n.  skill in art or some specialist activity  技术，技巧

threat  n.  statement of an intention to punish or hurt sb.， if he does not do as one wishes  威胁

trend  n.  a general direction or course of development； tendency  趋势

variation  n.  difference； the qualities that are not the same as each other  变化，不同

verify  v.  make sure that sth. is correct or true  证实，确证

vie  v.  compete  竞争

foreign exchange rate  外汇汇率

interest rate  利率