2023年10月浙江自考《英语（一）》串讲资料（17）

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1.statistics: n 统计数字;keep statistics; statistical: a 统计的;statistician: n 统计员

2. diplomat: n 外交家，由此联想得到：

diplomacy: n 外交，外交手腕;diplomatic: a 外交的;请对比：diploma: 文凭

3. exploit: v 开发、开采、剥削，由此联想得到：

exploitable: a 可开发的;exploited: a 被开发的;exploitation : n

1). The workers in capitalist countries are cruelly exploited by the capitalists.

2). There are laws against the exploitation of child labor.

3). His highly exploitable talent can't create wealth for society if he doesn't make great efforts.

4. abuse: v/n 滥用，如: abuse one's authority 滥用职权

5. execute: v 实行、执行，将…处死，由此联想得到：

executive: a执行的，决策权的，n 行政领导 CEO=chief executive officer首席执行官;execution: n 执行、实行。

1). You shouldn't be slow in the _____ of your duties.

2). The soldiers ____ the captain's orders as soon as they received the call.

3). After the discussion of the ____ committee, the labor law was put into force in may, 1994.

Answers: execution, executed, executive

6. guilt: n 有罪、内疚;guilty: a 内疚的;guiltless: a 无罪的

7. employee: n 雇员;由此联想得到：

employ: v 雇佣;employment: n 雇佣;employed: a 被雇的，有工作的;unemployed: a 失业的;employer: n 雇主

1). The police ______ force to break up the crowd.

2). Many ____ were thrown out of job as a result.

3). Business activities were greatly reduced and almost 60% of the workers were out of ______.

4). During the Depression, many workers were ______.

Answers: employed, employees, employment, unemployed

8. immigrant: a 移民的，n 移民;immigrate: v ; immigration: n

1). During the gold rush, California attracted many immigrants from other states.

2). Many Italians immigrated to the United States and Canada.

3). In the 1980s, a law against the immigration of Asian peoples was put into practice.

9. deport: v 驱逐出境，由此联想得到：

port: 港口;import:进口;export:出口;airport:空港;passport:通行证，护照

10. be deserving of 值得、应得

His efforts are certainly deserving of praise.

New words from text B

11. deny : v 否认，拒绝接受，后接doing.

He denied lying to us.

12. ineffective: a无效的，反义词：effective.

13. watch over: 看护、看管。

They use specially trained dogs to watch over their sheep at night.

14. in unison: 一致地，协调地

They sang Happy Birthday to me in unison.

15. pay back: 偿还，报复，回报

1). If you lend me 50 Yuan, I will pay you back on Friday.

2). I'll pay him back for the trick he played on me.

Analyze the important sentences among the text:

1. There are estimated to be more than 20000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain (p1)

译：据估计，在英国工作的外籍家佣有20000多人。

句子分析：此句为there be句型的变体。该句型是英语中常见句式，称“存在句”谓语动词一般由be充当，但还可以根据句意换成其它动词，如：

1). There are a lot of people in the meeting room.

2). There will be a meeting tomorrow.

3). There used to be a church at the corner of the street.

4). There happened to be an old friend of mine in the hotel.

5). There is sure to rain tomorrow.

6). There stands a bank next to my school.

另外，working in Britain是现在分词作定语，修饰domestic servants。

2. Of these 20000, just under 2000 are being exploited and abused by their employers, according to a London-based campaigning group which helps overseas servants working in Britain. (p1)

译：根据某个设在伦敦的帮助在英国工作的国外佣人的活动组织声称，在这20000名佣人中又近2000人被他们的雇主剥削和虐待。

句子分析：Of these 20000是状语，under 2000是数词作整个句子主语，are being exploited and abused是现在进行时态的被动语态做谓语，剩余的是状语。另外，under是低于…不到…的意思;---based设在…的，以…为基础的;

3. And they can have their passports removed, making leaving or escaping virtually impossible. (p2)

译：他们的护照可能已被拿走，其实际上既不能离开液或不能逃走。

句子分析：have their passports removed是VOC结构，使have sth done句型的具体使用，表示宾语和动词之间是被动的关系，如：Last week I have my computer repaired.

making leaving or escaping virtually impossible是现在分词作结果状语，其中leaving or escaping是动名词，做making的宾语。virtually是几乎的意思，相当于almost.